Literature
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- Ihle, J.E.W. 1918. Die Decapoda Brachyura der Siboga-Expedition. III. Oxystomata: Calappidae, Leucosiidae, Raninidae. Siboga Expeditie Monografie, 39(b2): 159-322, figs 78-148 (71 pls).
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- Takeda, M. & S. Miyake 1970a. Crabs from the East China Sea IV. Gymnopleura, Dromiacea and Oxystomata. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 16(3): 193-235, figs 1-6, pl. 1.