Literature
- Ihle, J.E.W. 1918. Die Decapoda Brachyura der Siboga-Expedition. III. Oxystomata: Calappidae, Leucosiidae, Raninidae. Siboga Expeditie Monografie, 39(b2): 159-322, figs 78-148 (71 pls).
- Miers, E.J. 1879b. On a collection of Crustacea made by Capt. H.C. St. John R.N. in the Corean and Japanese Seas. Part I. Podophthalmia. With an Appendix by Capt. H.C. St. John. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1879: 18-61, pls 1-3.
- Sakai, T. 1976a. Crabs of Japan and the Adjacent Seas. (In 3 volumes: (1) English text: i-xxix, 1-773, figs 1-379, (2) Plates volume: 1-16, pls 1-251, (3) Japanese text: 1-461, figs 1-2, 3 maps.) Kodansha Ltd, Tokyo.