Literature
- Leene, J.E. 1938. The Decapoda Brachyura of the Siboga-Expedition. VII. Brachygnatha: Portunidae. Siboga Expeditie Monografie, 39C3(livr. 131): i-iv, 1-156, 87 figs.
- Sakai, T. 1976a. Crabs of Japan and the Adjacent Seas. (In 3 volumes: (1) English text: i-xxix, 1-773, figs 1-379, (2) Plates volume: 1-16, pls 1-251, (3) Japanese text: 1-461, figs 1-2, 3 maps.) Kodansha Ltd, Tokyo.
- Stephenson, W. 1972b. An annotated check list and key to the Indo-West-Pacific swimming crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Portunidae). Bulletin of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 10: 1-64.